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Geoinformatika 2020; 1(73) : 82-98

УДК 631.4:(550.42:546.95):(528.855:628.398](477)

THE HEAVY METAL POLLUTION FOR THE SOILS AND DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS WITH IN THE AREAS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS

O.T. Azimov1, I.V. Kuraeva2, O.M. Trofymchuk3, S.P. Karmazinenko4, K.S. Zlobina2

1State Institution «Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of IGS of NAS of Ukraine», 55-b, OlesHonchar Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 01054, e-mail: azimov@casrc.kicv.ua
2M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of NAS of Ukraine, 34, Acad. Palladina Av., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03680, e-mail: ki4412674@gmail.com, ecaterinka@ukr.net
3Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of NAS of Ukraine, 13, Chokolivskiy Blvd., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03186, e-mail: itelua@kv.ukrtel.net
4Institute of Geography of NAS of Ukraine, 44, Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 01030, e-mail: karmazinenko78@gmail.com

Actuality of the investigations. The study of the ecological and geochemical conditions for the environmental objects within the areas which are under the influence of the different emissions connected with the municipal solid waste (MSW) is currently crucial. This is argued by the consequences of MSW landfill impact on the environment and public health of population living near these territories that causes serious anxiety. The groundwater and surface water, soils and superficial deposits, vegetation are the most polluted.

Purpose. of investigations is an identification of key geochemical variables for the ecosystems in the MSW Disposal area as a case study of the Kyiv’s disposal Landfill No 5. It is situated near Pidhirtsi village, Kyiv Oblast.

Design/methodology/approach. At the area of interest the different component of landscape samples are collected in field within 6 sites of observations along the transverse-longitudinal profile.The ecological and geochemical study of the samples is carried out using the physical-chemical methods of analyses, in particular, the mass spectroscopy with Inductive Couple Plasma (ICP-MS analysis).

Findings. The comprehensive geoecological study of the north-western part of Landfill No 5 and closed area shows the ecologically negative impact on the environment. It is determined that the existing soils are affected by the significant geochemical transformation. They are characterized by the considerable accumulations of the heavy metals (HMs). In comparison with the conventional pure soils the soil average contents of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr are 25, 22.5, 18, 2.5, 1.2 times more, respectively.
The anomalous high HMs pollution for the bottom deposits is identified: for Zn — in 800 mg/kg that is 14 times more than maximum allowable concentrations (MAC); for Cu — 150 mg/kg that is 4.5 times more than MAC. Average Pb content there exceeds its MAC (2.25 times) and is equal to 72 mg/kg. Therefore, the bottom deposits have the hazardous level of pollution.
It is found that the elements of considerable accumulations in grass vegetation are Cu, Ni and Co at the biological absorption coefficient more 2.0, 1.1 and 1.0,respectively.
The physical and chemical studies of surface waters show that the contents of microelements (F, Cr, Ni, Cu, Fetot and Pb) there don’t exceed the MAC, but they are higher than the background values.
The comparison of the average chemical composition for the ground water samples from the wells of the Landfill area and the regulatory standards indicates that the standard general sanitary criteria for pollution level of these waters belong to the middle and high levels with the considerable exceeds of the MACs for Fe and Ni.
At the same time the surface water samples from the north-western part of Landfill No 5 as well as outside of its disposal area show the contents of all chemical elements of interest not exceeding the MACs. But they are higher than the background values.

Prospects for the further studies. It is necessary to assess the monitoring investigations on the regular grid for sampling (litho-, hydro-, and biogeochemical) as well as remote sensing surveys.

Keywords: Landfill, solid waste, heavy metals, landscape, soil, geochemical analysis.

The full text of papers

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Receive 24.10.2019