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11 • 2014

  • Approbation of frequency-resonance method of remote sensing data processing on ore objects in different regions of the world (S.P. Levashov, N.A. Yakymchuk, I.N. Korchagin, V.V. Prylukov, M.A. Petranovskaya)

    The results of experimental testing of mobile and operative technology of the remote sensing (RS) data frequency-resonance processing and interpretation (decoding) for “direct” searches of the various types minerals on the ore deposits and prospective areas are analyzed. It is shown that for the small objects (lodes) detection and mapping the remote sensing data processing should be carried in a large scale – 1:2000 and larger. This technology inclusion in the traditional complex of exploratory geological and geophysical methods will contribute both to minimize the financial cost for the particular exploration problem solving and to reduce significantly the time to implement them.

    Keywords: frequency-resonance processing, deposit, satellite data, copper, gold, molybdenum, direct prospecting.

  • Method and equipment for electric fields strength measurements in the geological and geophysical investigations (V.G. Bazhenov, N.A. Yakymchuk, S.V. Gruzin, I.S. Pidlisna)

    An article shows a brief review and analysis of main electric field strength measurement methods. The digital method and measuring equipment developed on its basis with ability of information wireless transmission for further processing, registration, visualization and documentation on computer are considered. Description of mobile measuring device and interface of control program with a sample of data are also shown.

    Keywords: measurement, electric field strength, dynamic method, digital technology, microcontroller, ADC, GPS, wireless data transmission, auto scale, computer.

  • The possibility of frequency-resonance technology of remote sensing data processing application to select the exploratory wells for oil and gas location (S.P. Levashov, N.A. Yakymchuk, I.N. Korchagin, D.N. Bozhezha, V.V. Prylukov, I.S. Pidlisna)

    The results of experimental testing of mobile technology of remote sensing (RS) data frequency–resonance processing and decoding to select the optimal location of well for oil and gas in the desert region are analyzed. Drilled Sahara-1 well in Sudan is dry; it is not fall in the anomalous zone contours that was mapped in the area of well location. Two anomalous zones with maximum values of reservoir pressure of 33 MPa were mapped within the surveyed in detail area of well location. The depths of perspective for oil and gas horizons bedding were estimated by vertical scanning of remote sensing data. The experimental results show that the technology of remote sensing data processing by frequency-resonance method can be used to select and adjust the optimal locations of exploration wells.

    Keywords: frequency-resonance processing, hydrocarbons, satellite data, oil, gas, anomaly, vertical scanning, exploration well, direct prospecting.

  • Information and analytical support the regional estimation of a variability the thickness of oil and gas prospective sediments (O.T. Azimov, L.F. Dargeiko)

    The are submitted the results of using the spatial interpolation Kolmagorov’s method for subsidiary data on the thickness of the Devonian subsalt sediments within the Bilotserkivsko-Ostapyivskiy ledge territory of the Southern Edge and the adjacent part of the Central trough of the Dnieper-Donets depression. This region is of interest to petroleum traps prospecting in formation of the Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous lithologic and stratigraphic complex. It becomes clear on proved high filtration and capacitive properties of their horizons, the presence of core samples with oil enrichment from some boreholes, etc. We laid down preliminary thickness value of the Devonian subsalt sediments and studied the regularities of their area variability for have not explored grounds within the territory with already developed structures. Application of computer programs permitted us to draw the respective maps and schemes in isolines. These maps and schemes are able be used for subsequent investigation of the oil-gas-bearingness prospective of the subsalt sediments within the considered territory.

    Keywords: spatial interpolation, Kolmagorov’s method, Dnieper-Donets depression, Bilotserkivsko-Ostapyivskiy ledge.

  • Modern approach to the theory of hydrocarbon systems (Ie.V. Ustenko, V.D. Petruniak, S.A. Vyzhva)

    Petroleum system modeling is one of the most effective methods of prediction oil or gas bearing strata. The theory is based on analysis of 5 key elements – distribution of seals, reservoirs, traps, source rocks and timing of sedimentation and burial of the basin, and as a result, formation of petroleum prospects. In the paper main milestones of the formation of theory and key elements required for creation of petroleum system model.

    Keywords: petroleum system; modelling; petroleum geology; kerogen; reservoir; seal;trap; burial history.

  • Cooling process of the oceanic lithosphere (M.V. Lubkov)

    On the base of variation finite element method for non stationary three dimensional heat conductivity model with calculation of the oceanic lithosphere layers heterogeneity and oceanic crust radiogenic heat emission, and also with calculation of the ocean and asthenosphere heat irradiations there were obtained oceanic lithosphere heat fields during it cooling process. The obtained results allowed to specify heat fields and power of the oceanic lithosphere data, during it cooling process, which were obtained earlier on the base of more simple heat conductivity models.

    Keywords: computer modeling, heat processes, oceanic lithosphere.

  • Features of the deep structure of endogenous ore districts located on ancient shields (G. Drogitska)

    New interpretation of geological and seismic data has revealed a correlation of surface structures of endogenous ore districts of the Baltic and Ukrainian shields Moho topography and local inhomogeneities of the crust. As a result the model of the deep structure of Pechenga, Onega and Kirovograd ore districts, based on a agreed analysis of geological and seismic data were constructed and performed their comparison.

    Keywords: method of the deep seismic saunding (DSS), method of converted waves of earthquake (MCWE), M-discontinuity, crust, mantle.

  • Kinematic and dynamical characteristics of slow deformation waves propagation in the rock massif as a response to explosion influences (O.A. Khachay, O.Yu. Khachay, V.K. Klimko, O.V. Shipeev)

    An additional parameter – “velocity of slow deformation wave propagation” allowed us, using the method of phase diagrams, to identify their hierarchic structure, which make it possible to use that information for modeling and interpretation of propagation of seismic and deformation waves in hierarchic structures. Analyzed here is the thin structure of the chaotic area on the phase diagram, which provides better understanding of the origin of high energetic rock shock and permits to create an evaluation criterion for massif stability evaluation.

    Keywords: velocity of propagation, deformation wave, seismological information, phase trajectories, kinematic approach, dynamical characteristic.

  • Research and practical applications of higher derivative of magnetic potential to solve problems of magnetometry (M.N. Markova, E.P. Lapina)

    The method of conducting qualitative analysis of initial data on the basis of use of a certain number of derivatives of higher degrees and analytical approximation of potential fields. In the paper it is shown, that the derivatives of functions of the magnetic field make it possible in many cases much better localize the disturbing objects than the observed function of the magnetic field. The results of research of the higher derivatives of the vertical component of the vector of magnetic field intensity on the theoretical and practical examples. The materials of the work will help in the interpretation of potential fields to find cost-effective variant of the decision in accordance with the task.

    Keywords: analytical approximation, the potential of the field, harmonic function, derivatives of the highest degree, a class of three-dimensional material rods, geological object, a qualitative analysis.

  • The algorithm of determining the trajectory of the fluid flow on the relief(E.N. Sabziev, G.H. Orujov, A.B. Pashayev)

    In this paper one formulate the determination the trajectory of the flow, based on a given finite number of points of level determines the topography of the study area. The level curves are approximated by using Catmull-Rom splines. For modeling the relief applies the idea of “flexible membrane” stretched over a contour formed by closing level lines. Then at each point the maximum elevation descent direction is computed. The convergence estimate of the proposed algorithm is given.

    Keywords: the flow trajectory, surface, algorithm, fluid flow, relief, modeling; spline.

  • The ground-underground gravimetric surveys at Verkhnekamskoe potassium deposit (G.V. Prostolupov, G.P. Shcherbinina)

    The capabilities of the methods of underground gravimetry and new direction – the ground-underground gravimetry undeservedly forgotten in the present time. A number of failures on а mines of the Verkhnekamsky potassium deposit, which include the flooding of the first and the third mines, led to a fresh look at the problem of geophysical safety of a Deposit development. The method of ground-underground gravimetry for the detection of weak points of the protective layer over the mines are developed, examples of its application are presented. It is shown that the modern methods of processing and interpretation of ground-underground gravity data significantly increase the information value of geophysical research and allow to successfully identify zones of increased danger of the development of productive layers. 

    Keywords: gravimetry, geology, deposit of potash salts, flooding, mine, safety, underground mine.

  • Direct tasks magnetometry in class inhomogeneously magnetized horizontal cylindrical bodies outer contour which approximated rectilinear lines (T.L. Mikheeva, N.V. Panchenko)

    The decision is a direct task magnetometry when magnetized mass concentrated inside the body. Selected class of two–dimensional bodies is simply connected, limited closed loop. Approximated rectilinear lines. Mass is magnetized so, that the vertical component of a vector of intensity magnetization is linear function of applicate. Shows how the heterogeneity of magnetization affects the external magnetic field.

    Keywords: magnitometry, directproblem magnetometry, magnetized body, inhomogeneously magnetization.

  • Mobile geophysical methods application for the engineering-geological conditions examination of problem area in city (D.N. Bozhezha, V.V. Prilukov, I.S. Pidlisna, M.A. Petranovskaya)

    The results of application of the complex of geoelectric methods of forming shortpulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF), vertical electric-resonance (VERS) and georadar soundings to studyengineering-geological conditions near themetro station “Vokzalnaya” in Kiev are given. Investigations have shown that the destruction of station column is caused by the zone of soil moistening, which was formed by man-made water flow from the station building. The moistening zone was mapped; its depths were identified by sounding. Recommendations were formulated for the man-made phenomenon liquidation. The finding and mapping of water flow and area of the raised soil moistening can be realized operatively by complex of geoelectric and georadar methods. This complex can be also used for solving the specific engineering-geological problems during new objects construction, as well as for regular monitoring of the engineering-geological condition of environment in areas of already constructed objects.

    Keywords: geoelectric survey, electric-resonance sounding, georadar, building, anomaly, zone of moistening, aquifer, water flow.

  • Mathematical modelling of migratory forms of heavy metals in soil solutions of polluted territories (I.V. Kuraeva)

    Calculation of migratory forms of heavy metals in soil solutions (the enterprises of the chemical and coal-mining industries, black metallurgy) is executed under programs with use of the thermodynamic analysis and mathematical modelling. It is established that heavy metals in soil solutions of investigated territories migrate in the form of free ions.

    Keywords: thermodynamic analysis, modelling,heavy metals, complex compounds, migratory forms.

  • Modelling of cadmium pollution in soils of Gorlivsky chemical factory (Yakovenko, I. Kuraeva, V. Filatov, N. Diachenko, N. Dubrova, S. Pavlyuk)

    The cadmium content in soils and sailings of Gorlivsky chemical factory is defined. On to ekological indicators it is estimated degree of ecological danger. By means of geoinformation technology pollution by cadmium and other heavy metals of soils in a zone of the enterprise of the chemical industry is simulated.

    Keywords: Cadmium, heavy metals, soils, environmental pollution, modelling.

  • The first results of the atmomagnetic control of environment. Case study from Kyiv(O. Menshov)

    The greatest part of humanity today lives in cities and the urbanization trend in modern society will occur over the next decades. The working capacity of the population is largely determined by environmental conditions within the cities. The available ways of air pollution control are laborious and costly. Magnetic investigation of environmental pollution is the opportunity to intensify these control activities. Magnetic studies include the investigations of various objects that are able to accumulate dust particles dangerous to human health. The particles are transferred into air with magnetic minerals containing chemical compounds and elements. The selection of dust particles as an indicator of air pollution was conducted in our investigation. The initial results of magnetic susceptibility investigation for samples selected from flat surfaces using the original traps in different districts of Kyiv and its environs are demonstrated. Sampling points are differentiated by geographical orientation, technogenic load, height above Earth’s surface.

    Keywords: atmosphere, pollution, magnetism.

  • Climate of the Earth is gettting warm becouse the Sun’s system is evolving (V.F. Blinov)

    It is considered a heating of Earth’s climate from non-traditional point of view on the developmеnт of celestial bodies that accumulate mass, absorbing the ether’s matter from cosmic space. Astream of this matter toward the centre of bodies is not other than the kinetic energy of gravitational field that is transformed in interior of bodies into the mass of rest. Accumulation of mass and energy bring to the heating of planets and to the increasing of luminosity of Sun and stars.Mentioned phenomena increase of temperatures of the planetary atmospheres, including atmosphere of the Earth. Thus. the heating of Earth’s climate isnatural course of things, this process is not depend on Eath’s civilization.  

    Keywords: Earth’s climate is getting warm, grow Earth’s mass, increasing Sun’s luminosity.

  • Problems of modern electronicmapping on the example of creation autonavigation maps (S.V. Dubrovina)

    As well as in any new, quickly developing sphere, in digital navigation mapping already the questions connected with improvement of technology of maps’ creation now begin to appear. Therefore, in this situation it is very important to pay attention to the process of drawing up navigation maps – to accurate definition of object structure, distribution of objects by layers and levels of a scale row. For the solution of these tasks, we want to offer the technique of digital map bases creation for navigation maps in which the norms of a ratio of elements of a maps’ basis established during the research and the thematic contents are considered.

    Keywords: navigation mapping, scale row, element of a map’s basis.