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Geoinformatika 2020; 2(74) : 69-88

УДК 004.9:(551.4:628.542)(477)

GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION DRIVERS WITHIN THE CATCHMENT AREAS OF LANDFILLS: CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS

O.T. Azimov1, O.V. Shevchuk2, K.O. Azimova3

1State Institution “Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth of IGS of NAS of Ukraine”, 55-b, Oles Honchar Str., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine, e-mail: azimov@casre.kiev.ua
2Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of NAS of Ukraine, 13, Chokolivskiy Blvd., Kyiv, 03186, Ukraine, e-mail:sov27041996@ukr.net
3Independent expert, 8, Ivan Nekhoda Str., Kyiv, 03110, Ukraine, e-mail: katya.azimova@gmail.com

Actuality of the investigations. In Ukraine as a whole there are near 6 ths landfills and disposals at the overall area more 9 ths ha, constructions of which are incompatible with the sanitary-hygienic standards. The effects of the landfills and disposals on the environment and the health of the population living in the vicinity of these areas are extremely worrying. The groundwater and surface water, soils and superficial deposits, vegetation are the most polluted. The integrated studies of the natural entities adjacent to these disposals are necessary for their objective ecological and geochemical evaluation. In the last years the implementation of an information system for geomonitoring the affected areas of landfills for the disposal and accumulation of waste based on the use of the technologies of remote sensing of the Earth (RSE) and geographic information systems (GIS) is more effective.

Purpose of investigations is to highlight the possibilities of using the RSE/GIS-technologies for monitoring studies of pollution factors of the environment within the landfills for disposal of different waste, especially within the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill areas and in the ranges of their impact. Also the purpose is to formulate the general principles of creation and determine the main components of the information system of geomonitoring for the MSW disposal landfills impact areas. It has been shown at a case study of the Kyiv’s Oblast.

Design/methodology/approach. The research is based on the method of analytical comparison, consisted in the elaboration of a certain way of generalization of materials published in the scientific literature regarding information technologies for MSW landfills monitoring and management, predicting technogenic-ecological transformation of territories under their influence. Special emphasis was placed on analyzing the role of geoinformation systems in the developed or proposed technologies.
The ecological study of the landfills within the Kyiv’s Oblast is carried out using the computerized interpretation of the images acquired by the satellite sensors and the unmanned aerial vehicles.

Findings. The review and synthesis of scientific literature sources on the basic structure of the information system for monitoring the major environmental components of MSW disposal landfill impact areas allowed determining the stages and components of its creation. In our opinion, modern RSE/GIS-technologies should be present in each of the mentioned blocks of the information system.
It has been shown that the RSE data integrated to GIS allow to quickly retrieval the accurate information about the current state of the studied area quickly, to conduct timely monitoring and forecasting the development of negative phenomena and processes, which significantly increases the level of environmental safety at national, regional and local levels and provides an opportunity to develop a set of measures to reduce the environmental impact of MSW disposal landfills.
The situation with waste, especially domestic waste within Kyiv’s Oblast, is getting worse every year. As a result, there is an increasing threat to human and environmental health. The obtained results show that one of the reasons for the current situation is the selection of unfavorable sites for the allocation of waste disposal landfills.

Prospects for the further development of geoinformation systems in the monitoring of territories affected by MSW disposal landfills should be dedicate to modeling of environmental contamination situations in the area of MSW landfills exposure and their environmental consequences by means of the RSE/GIS-technologies.

Keywords: geoinformation systems, monitoring, environment, disposals, domestic waste.

The full text of papers

References

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