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Geoinformatika 2017; 2(62) : 44-54 (in Russian) 

ESTIMATION OF RADIOECOLOGICAL CRITICALITY OF HYDROGRAPHIC REGIONS OF UKRAINE

T.D. Lev, B.S. Prister, V.D. Vinogradskaya, O.G. Tishchenko, V.N. Piskun

Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, 12/106, Lysogirska Str., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, e-mail: tdlev@ispnpp.kiev.ua, bprister@gmail.com, vinvd@rambler.ru, otischenko@ispnpp.kiev.ua, pvnpiskun@mail.ru

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology of preventive assessment of potential radioecological criticality (landscape ability to intensive accumulation of radionuclides in plant products), and to apply it in hydro­graphic zones in Ukraine at the state level, using GIS; to minimize the consequences of a large radiation accident in Ukraine by allocating radio-ecologically dangerous areas to monitor the environment in real-time and implement­ing priority rehabilitation steps on agricultural land. The use of modern GIS technologies allows us to preliminary obtain a spatial presentation of the potential radiation situation formation, taking into account the influence of the territory local features on the processes of transport, deposition and migration of radionuclides by the food chain, and the formation of internal dose exposure for the population.

Design/methodology/approach. The methodology was developed based on the basin-landscape principle, taking into account the environmental and natural features of the territory. We used the results of the geo-information analysis of digital maps (relief, basin, underlying surface, land use, etc.) and environmental parameters that determine the radio-ecological characteristics of the area. Assessment of the degree of criticality zone was carried out using a com­plex integral index, which is calculated as the sum of weighted average radio-ecological parameters for the selected typological objects (type of soil in each basin).

Findings. We have prepared the thematic maps with the assessment of the degree of potential radio-ecological critical­ity of Ukraine, and the tables showing a complex index for hydrographic regions, areas of the criticality classes, and the population of these areas. The developed method allows us to analyze land use at different spatial scales with the expansion of the number of environmental parameters and spatial specification.

Practical value/implications. GIS modeling and a radio-ecological criticality assessment of the catchment areas com­ponents – agricultural land in Ukraine – permit to define the most critical areas for the formation of a radiation dose of 137Cs for the population due to a nuclear disaster at the power plant. The obtained findings on the radio-ecologically potentially dangerous areas (the basins of the Pripyat and Desna rivers) can help to create the optimal environmental conditions for economic activities and provide safety of the native environmental objects in the regions.

Keywords: Radioecology criticality, zoning, basin principle, GIS modeling, mapping

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